Sunny Health

The year end is rainy and cold, and in low temperatures, it is when the flu bug comes out to play. Influenza isn't caused by the drop in temperatures. According to the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the flu virus forms an outer coating in cold weather than enables it to fly through air. And as influenza is an air-bourne disease, this propagates the virus to spread more easily and inhaled by people. It is also theorised that people spend more time indoors due to the cold and rain, and that increases human contact with each other and thus, the spread of germs.

These days, perhaps due to poor lifestyle habits that lead to poor immune system, or flu viruses getting more resilient than before, a patient can be plagued by the virus for up to 3 to 4 weeks. Imagine feeling lethargic, having achy muscles and headaches for almost a month! It's certainly not something you want to experience in the upcoming holiday season.

Flu spreads easily through social contact, so one of the key things is to avoid close contact with people who are down with the flu. Sharing food and dining utensils, along with any other actions that could result in the exchange of saliva, are almost sure ways to contract the flu virus.

The virus spreads through air and transitional surface contact as well. Washing your hands with soap and water or an alcohol-based hand rub after coming into contact with frequently touched surfaces (e.g. canteen table top, door knob, lift button, ATM machine) helps reduce direct exposure to the virus.

If you have to visit the hospital or take someone to the clinic, wear a mask, practise good hygiene habits and change your clothes and take a bath when you get home.

Refrain from touching your eyes, nose and mouth where the virus is able to enter your body directly.

Strengthen your immune system. Get sufficient sleep, drink lots of water, consume healthy food like fruits and vegetables, exercise and manage your stress. People who are prone to stress tend to have a weaker immune system.

If you have to be in close contact with sick people e.g. family member or colleague, encourage to practise good habits, such as wearing a face mask to avoid the spread of saliva. They should cough and sneeze into a tissue, and dispose the tissue properly.

Consider antiviral medication, especially if you generally have a weaker immune system. Tamiflu and Relenza are prescription-only medications for the prevention and treatment of influenza. With school holidays coming up, you definitely want to consider packing some for your trip!